Cancer EndingCancer ending

Found a new function of a protein involved in colon cancer

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Researchers from IMIM (Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical
Research), in Barcelona, have determined the function of a new variant of the
enzyme IKK alpha (IKKa) in the activation of some of the genes involved in
tumor progression of colorectal cancer .</div>
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This fact, in the future, will design new drugs that inhibit
this enzyme specifically and are less toxic for other cells in the body,
thereby improving the treatment of this disease.</div>
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The study was the culmination of a research previously
conducted by the Research Group on Stem Cells and Cancer IMIM, which had shown
that there was a relationship between the activation of the enzyme IKKa and the
occurrence of colorectal cancer in humans. </div>
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"We have studied what are the features which
distinguish the pro-tumor activity of IKKa of their normal physiological
activities, which are known to be essential for survival of cancer cells and
that therefore can not be inhibited without causing pharmacologically great
harm to the body, "said Luis Espinosa, a member of that working group and
director.</div>
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The IKKa kinase is an enzyme acts on other proteins and
adding a phosphate and thereby modifying its function. </div>
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"The P45-IKKa variant, which we have identified, is
found in the nucleus of cancer cells and their action is essential for the tumor
to grow's.</div>
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Largest novelty is that we have identified a new form of
IKKa kinase that is involved mainly in the activation of genes involved in
tumor progression, and that is different from the majority of this kinase
activity in normal cells "added Espinosa.</div>
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We analyzed a total of 288 samples of human colorectal
cancer, identifying the presence of P45-IKKa in most of them, and it has been
demonstrated that specific blockade of this new form of IKKa prevents the
growth of such cells cancer.</div>
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<b>Help finding therapies</b></div>
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The results of this work open the door to numerous avenues
of research aiming to discover the mechanism of generation and activation of
this enzyme P45-IKKa, in order to identify more effective inhibitors against
any tumor cells that are less toxic to the rest body cells.</div>

Found a new function of a protein involved in colon cancer

Researchers from IMIM (Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research), in Barcelona, have determined the function of a new variant of the enzyme IKK alpha (IKKa) in the activation of some of the g…

24 Feb 2013

Can we eat to starve cancer?

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A cure for cancer - Angiogenesis ?</div>
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William Li presents a new way to think about treating cancer and other diseases : anti-angiogenesis, preventing the growth of blood vessels that feed a tumor. </div>
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The crucial first step : eating cancer-fighting foods that cut off the supply lines and beat cancer at its own game.</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="300" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/B9bDZ5-zPtY" width="400"></iframe>

Can we eat to starve cancer?

A cure for cancer - Angiogenesis ? William Li presents a new way to think about treating cancer and other diseases : anti-angiogenesis, preventing the growth of blood vessels that feed a tumor. The …

21 Jan 2013

Real risk for having cancer

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Many people believe that their risk for cancer is growing because cancer figures are sometimes reported out of context. </div>
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The actual number of people who are diagnosed and who die of cancer each year has indeed grown because the U.S. population is growing larger, and is aging. </div>
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Cancer is more common among the elderly, so more cases are to be expected as the average age of the U.S. population increases. </div>
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A closer look at the numbers by age group shows the cancer risk for Americans is actually dropping.</div>
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The risk of being diagnosed with cancer and the risk of dying of cancer have decreased since the early 1.990s. </div>
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Fewer than half the people diagnosed with cancer today will die of the disease. </div>
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Some are completely cured, and many more people survive for years with a good quality of life, thanks to treatments that control many types of cancer.</div>
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Cancer is not one disease, but many different diseases with different causes. </div>
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For that reason one breakthrough "cure for cancer" is probably not likely to come along. </div>
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There probably won't be one date in history when people remember that the cure for cancer was announced just as infectious diseases weren't conquered on one particular day. </div>
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Instead, every year will bring more and more cures for more and more types of cancer.</div>
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People need to eat in a better way, to exercise more and to be able to live in a more peacefull way, to reduce the risk of having the disease.</div>

Real risk for having cancer

Many people believe that their risk for cancer is growing because cancer figures are sometimes reported out of context. The actual number of people who are diagnosed and who die of cancer each year …

24 Nov 2012

With CellMiner, researchers prospect for cancer discoveries

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Researchers have updated a web-based application that makes a wealth of genomic and pharmacologic data obtained from a panel of human cancer cell lines available to anyone with access to a computer and the Internet.</div>
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Known as CellMiner, the publicly available application lets researchers rapidly retrieve data on the expression of more than 22,000 genes and 360 microRNAs, and the growth-inhibiting activity of more than 26,000 compounds in NCI's Human Tumor Cell Line Screen, also known as the NCI-60 panel of cell lines. </div>
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The compounds include 102 FDA approved drugs, as well as others being studied in clinical trials.</div>
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Tapping into a Wealth of Information</div>
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The NCI-60 consists of 60 human cancer cell lines (laboratory-grown cells) derived from nine different tissues. </div>
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These cell lines were acquired by NCI's Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP) to screen compounds for anticancer activity. </div>
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In addition to testing about 100,000 compounds on these cells, NCI researchers have amassed an extensive database of genomic information for these widely used cell lines.</div>
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Working with such large data sets often means dealing with unwieldy databases that make it difficult to analyze and integrate data. </div>
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But with CellMiner, researchers can easily compare patterns of gene expression, microRNA expression, and drug activity in the NCI-60. </div>
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By means of a novel pattern-matching tool, users can also explore relationships between these parameters and any pattern of interest they choose to input (for example, cell lines that lack mutations in the commonly mutated tumor suppressor gene TP53), enabling them to define their own questions.</div>
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Such pattern comparisons can, for example, reveal new connections between drug activity and gene expression, pick out compounds or drugs that work through similar or complementary mechanisms, or identify genes that may predict the response of cancer cells to specific drugs, noted Dr. Yves Pommier, chief of the Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology (LMP) in NCI's Center for Cancer Research (CCR).</div>
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No Bioinformatics Expertise Needed</div>
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"Our goal is to have this database used by people who do not have bioinformatics expertise, including M.D.s and anyone else who wants to explore the database without having a bioinformatics team next to them," said Dr. Pommier, who co-authored a recent report in Cancer Research that detailed CellMiner's features and provided case examples of its use. </div>
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The lead author and lead developer of CellMiner, William Reinhold, is a molecular biologist in LMP.</div>
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Reinhold, Dr. Pommier, and their colleagues developed CellMiner so that researchers could avoid the time-consuming data processing previously required to work with information in the NCI-60 database. The suite of web-based tools provides "a quick and easy way for people to start doing systems biology and pharmacology—which is to say, comparing big data sets of disparate types to ask scientific questions," explained Reinhold.</div>
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"Without specialized expertise, there's been a huge wall between people who want to ask these questions and the people who have access to the information," he continued. "We're trying to take that wall down."</div>
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Users of CellMiner simply input their query online and, within minutes, receive an e-mail containing the results in the form of tables and bar graphs in a single Excel spreadsheet. The application calculates the correlation between all parameters and identifies statistically significant correlations.</div>
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And, because data are provided in a spreadsheet, Dr. Pommier noted, users can archive the results and continue working on them, even without Internet access. Researchers "can use Excel tools to search and organize the data, which makes it very versatile," he added.</div>
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One-Stop Shopping</div>
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"CellMiner is a powerful tool that allows you to generate hypotheses about the ways in which different genes or patterns of gene expression can affect cell behavior [in cancer],"  said Dr. Michael Gottesman, chief of CCR's Laboratory of Cell Biology. His lab, which was not involved in developing CellMiner, is using the tool to study gene expression patterns that correlate with resistance to specific anticancer drugs.</div>
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Investigators in Dr. Susan Bates's lab, in CCR's Molecular Oncology Branch, were among the first to use CellMiner's predecessor—a computer program called COMPARE—to probe the NCI drug-screen database. Using COMPARE, they identified a drug with anticancer activity called romidepsin, which turned out to be effective against T-cell lymphoma.</div>
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Because only one-third of patients with T-cell lymphoma responded to romidepsin in clinical trials, Dr. Bates's team is using CellMiner to help find a biomarker that predicts which patients will respond favorably to the drug.</div>
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"The CellMiner program builds on compare by providing a much easier to use interface," Dr. Bates said. "</div>
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People have found it very easy to adapt to CellMiner."</div>
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Working with CellMiner "is one stop shopping, whereas, before, working with the drug screen data required multiple queries," confirmed Dr. Robert Robey, a chemist in Dr. Bates's lab who works with the tool. </div>
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"I read the paper and within a few minutes I was pulling up drug profiles. </div>
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The interface makes it easy to put in your own data and pull meaningful things out of it."</div>
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"Users of CellMiner need to realize that the COMPARE program on the DTP website still represents the gold standard for determining correlations using drug profiles," Dr. Bates noted. "</div>
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CellMiner provides an easy-to-use format. </div>
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But there are limitations in terms of the results it is able to generate. </div>
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There is a larger body of data available on the DTP website, both for compounds and for molecular characterization data."</div>
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CellMiner's Prospects</div>
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CellMiner's developers plan to continue updating and enhancing the software. </div>
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The next version will provide access to the whole-genome sequences for all protein-coding regions, or exons, of the genome across the NCI-60, Dr. Pommier indicated. </div>
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The team is also making the open-source software available for others to use or modify as they wish to incorporate molecular profile data on other cell lines or human tumor samples.</div>
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Cell lines from the NCI-60 panel, which are studied by cancer researchers worldwide, "have formed the basis for a lot of what scientists know about the physiology of cancer," Dr. Gottesman noted. </div>
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But, as reported last November, research led by Dr. Jean-Pierre Gillet in Dr. Gottesman's lab has suggested that these and other cancer cell lines may have important limitations when used to identify genes associated with resistance to chemotherapy drugs in particular tumor types. </div>
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The study showed that, in various cancer types, the expression of a specific set of genes associated with drug resistance was very different in cell lines from what it was in tumor samples representing the same cancer types.</div>
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The fact that some gene expression patterns in laboratory-grown cells such as the NCI-60 differ from those in the original tumor tissue is not surprising, researchers agree. </div>
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However, Dr. Pommier said, "there is a vast array of genes in the NCI-60 that retain their expression pattern between the cell line and the tumor that's what is coming out of the CellMiner analyses, because now it's easy to look at those genes."</div>
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Although researchers continue to debate the extent to which cancer cell lines represent the tumors from which they originated, "there's a lot we can still learn from the NCI-60," Dr. Gottesman said, "and having a tool that allows you to gain access to the huge amount of data that's been accumulated is a very useful thing."</div>

With CellMiner, researchers prospect for cancer discoveries

Researchers have updated a web-based application that makes a wealth of genomic and pharmacologic data obtained from a panel of human cancer cell lines available to anyone with access to a computer a…

11 Oct 2012

New blood test could detect cancer

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6sCYkZvq36zieZot3Aog6GuO93ydmVC2ie5wZPoCw5z4OwSqtUdEObzqHP4-lw5yxarj2863RGXctNMRS-zf_-D20P0c-NBaOTKn9V7H52OjOgbaXTSyVez2WfjqjBQTKDZHWi1CuHmQ/s1600/New+blood+test+could+detect+cancer+cancer+and+cures.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6sCYkZvq36zieZot3Aog6GuO93ydmVC2ie5wZPoCw5z4OwSqtUdEObzqHP4-lw5yxarj2863RGXctNMRS-zf_-D20P0c-NBaOTKn9V7H52OjOgbaXTSyVez2WfjqjBQTKDZHWi1CuHmQ/s200/New+blood+test+could+detect+cancer+cancer+and+cures.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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Investigations of this method takes a team of scientists at
Ben-Gurion University and Soroka Medical Center in Israel.</div>
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The new method, which is still in development would
facilitate the diagnosis of cancer in its early stages through an infrared
device that radiates the fluid.</div>
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The irradiation results show the presence of malignant
cells, that during the initial stages of the disease are affected organs
separated from reaching the bloodstream.</div>
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Through a simple blood test could diagnose cancer in its
early stages in order to apply the respective treatment.</div>
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One of the advantages of the new method is the ease with
which the research is conducted, which will extend its use to a large number of
medical centers and hospitals.</div>
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The first clinical trials, which included more than 200
volunteers with lung cancer and ovarian cancer, were successful: in 90% of
cases the diagnosis was correct.</div>
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The goal is to expand the area of use of the device for
diagnosing an increased number of cancers.</div>
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What nobody tells you about cancer tests</div>
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If these tests can find cancer early, why some experts say
that sometimes cause more harm than good?</div>
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Read this before you make your next mammogram, PSA
measurement or colonoscopy.</div>
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Suzanne Bull was always afraid of getting cancer.</div>
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In part, his fear was because he lived in Marin County
(California), where the incidence of breast cancer is one of the largest in the
United States.</div>
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He was so determined to avoid that ate well, exercised and
each year was a mammogram.</div>
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In 2008, at age 54, received the news he feared most: an
ultrasensitive digital mammogram showed a suspicious lump in her left breast
and a biopsy confirmed it was malignant.</div>
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Luckily, the surgeon said, had discovered in time: it was a
ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), that is, cancer still limited inside a milk
duct, and according to the doctor maybe stay there because no DCIS often
becomes invasive.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Everything sounded good, Suzanne account until the
specialist said there was no way of knowing whether the tumor was of the type
that evolves slow, safe, or invasive.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Prescribed surgical removal of the breast lump, and also
advised to undergo radiation therapy and treatment with the drug tamoxifen.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
After two weeks of anguish, Suzanne decided on surgery and
radiotherapy.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"I had to do what he could to stop the disease,"
he says.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Today, after two normal mammograms, feels very fortunate:
"I am glad to have had access to digital mammography, because cancer
detected much earlier."</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Incredibly, some researchers believe that Suzanne had no
luck.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
According to them, annual mammography is much less effective
than they usually believe women to reduce the risk of death from breast cancer,
and often leads to unnecessary treatment, especially in the case of DCIS.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
As for the measurement of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in
men, these researchers say it may be more harmful than helpful in men without
symptoms of prostate cancer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
And other common means of cancer detection will inspire the
same confidence.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This view differs markedly from the campaigns of the
American Society for Cancer Control (SELC) and even the federal government of
that country, according to which detect and treat malignant tumors as soon as
possible is the most effective way to prevent deaths cancer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Still, are increasingly dissident scientists (members of
prestigious institutions, authors of studies in respected medical journals) for
whom it is time to rethink our approach to cancer diagnosis.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
So I believe that screening studies reveal many small
cancers that would never cause discomfort.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"The consequence is that cancer is diagnosed tens of
thousands of patients never develop the disease," says Dr. H. Gilbert
Welch, a specialist in cancer diagnosis and codirector of the Outcomes Study
Group Medical Center Veterans Administration in Vermont.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"Issued diagnosis, most people treated, and we know
that it can hurt."</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Tamoxifen, used for breast cancer, promotes clot formation
in the lungs and remove operations for prostate cancer cause impotence in 60
percent of cases.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Screening tests themselves have risks: up to 0.5 percent of
those who undergo a colonoscopy suffer serious complications such as bleeding
and perforation of the colon.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Most people who are diagnosed with cancer definitely see
these risks in the price you pay for not dying from the disease.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"The reality is not so simple," says Welch.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The diagnostics are very effective to reveal tumors that
would never bother us, but not in time to discover the most lethal cancers and
faster development.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"The power of diagnostic studies to reduce the risk of
death has been exaggerated," said Dr. Floyd Fowler, president of the
Foundation for Informed Decision Making in Health, a nonprofit organization in
Boston.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>How to fool cancer tests</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The idea that testing can be useless or, worse, harmful,
maybe you think nonsense: after all, smaller cancers are easier to remove,
carry less risk of spread to other parts of the body, and this spread
(metastasis) depends largely malignancy.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
It is certainly possible that a localized tumor mate: the
brain, for example, can wreak havoc if they grow healthy tissue compressed
against the skull.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Still, most life-threatening cancers only when some cells
break off and travel through the blood or lymph to another part of the body.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
When this occurs, removal of the tumor and no cure, and no
more aggressive chemotherapy can kill malignant cells wandering.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Doctors believed that a tumor must reach a certain size
before they can metastasize, but today we know that is not always true, said
Dr. Barnett S. Kramer, associate director for disease prevention at the
National Institutes of Health in the United States.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"Some tumors spread quickly," when they consist of
a few million cells; seem much, but at this stage are less than the end point
of this paragraph, undersized for detecting most of the diagnostic tests.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Once you grow enough to appear on a test, and have spread.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The reverse of the coin is that many trials will never
reveal cancers that discomfort and can be left untreated.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This contradicts almost everything we thought we knew the
cancer, Kramer explains, because our knowledge is based on serious tumors.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
If you compare the wide variety of cancers with an iceberg,
causing the symptoms represent only the portion above water, and for most of
history were the only ones who learned something.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Diagnostic studies allow us to see underwater and discover
even asymptomatic tumors.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
We assume that eventually causing symptoms, but there is
increasing evidence that not always the case.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
For example, in autopsies on American women of all ages who
died from causes other than breast cancer, found that nearly nine percent had
undiagnosed DCIS.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ7-AzoiuV0w227ocAUmCTOvRi1M2NzhrDCQsCwWUfSVoWCzAoNyo-Dsar1NfBzPoPok9zKF6tWobtzzgq8sSBkcl_VY_Z1lnwjru6q6qpox1tvUH44OTNLoiYBDkKMusafX9ZfIdkmF8/s1600/cancer+tests+cancer+and+cures.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="125" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ7-AzoiuV0w227ocAUmCTOvRi1M2NzhrDCQsCwWUfSVoWCzAoNyo-Dsar1NfBzPoPok9zKF6tWobtzzgq8sSBkcl_VY_Z1lnwjru6q6qpox1tvUH44OTNLoiYBDkKMusafX9ZfIdkmF8/s200/cancer+tests+cancer+and+cures.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
In Denmark, where mammography is not as common, autopsies
midlife women revealed that 39 percent had breast cancer undetected.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
A 1989 study, Welch added, showed that 60 percent of men
over 60 have prostate cancer without knowing it, but only three percent of male
mortality due to this cause.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Therefore, screening for cancers give alarm or otherwise
unimportant to heal alone (since there spontaneously disappear).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
It was suspected that Brandon Connor, now seven years old,
had cancer before birth.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The pregnancy was difficult and his mother, Kristin, a
lawyer for 35 years in Atlanta, was subject to frequent ultrasounds.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
One of them revealed what looked like a tumor in the fetal
spine.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The tentative diagnosis was neuroblastoma, a cancer of the
nervous system.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Neuroblastoma can be of two types, one fatal, but without a
biopsy (very risky under the circumstances) it was impossible to know whether
it was this cancer, and less of what type.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The Connor chose to see if the tumor grew.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Physicians predicted that, in the best case, be reduced
during the first year of life of children. Not so.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
After two years since Brandon had undergone more than 12
MRIs.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Eventually the doctors advised the intervention Connor, but
the day before the operation the surgeon asked one last scan, and neuroblastoma
had disappeared.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"We could not believe it," says Kristin. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Today
doctors know that many neuroblastomas heal spontaneously in the first years of
life.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"People told us we gave thanks to God that ultrasound
would have detected," says Kristin, but remembering the years of anguish
clarifies: "In retrospect, it seems rather a curse."</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Side effects of diagnosis</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Leave aside the fact that cancer treatment is an unnecessary
expense.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"Many oncologists know that some of his patients have
suffered serious side effects and even died because of a treatment that may not
be needed," says Dr. William C. Black, professor of radiology at
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. Certainly no one intentionally prescribe
unnecessary treatments, but as is often difficult to determine whether or not a
patient requires care, we prefer to err on before default.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Take the case of George Brown, who was diagnosed with
prostate cancer in 2008, when he was 75 and still practiced as a lawyer in
Denver.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Your doctor prescribed Lupron to block the secretion of
testosterone, a hormone that many prostate cancers need to grow.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"I did not know that the Lupron is a chemical
castration" he recalls. '</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
I fell into extreme depression, I came bouts of cold and
heat, crying for everything. "</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Radiation damaged her rectum and urinary and fecal
incontinence occurred.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Soon you will have to take another testosterone blocker.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Nevertheless, Brown believes that treatment saved his life,
which unfortunately can not be confirmed in cases such as yours.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The truth is that most men who are diagnosed with this
cancer are subjected to invasive treatments, although statistics indicate that
many could safely opt for a "watchful waiting": observe the evolution
of cancer Ape measurements, and treat only if it starts to grow rapidly.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Diagnosis saves lives?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
For many people, even serious side effects such as those
suffered Brown would be worth if the risk of dying from cancer was reduced: do
not forget that this is the purpose of testing.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
However, only the Pap ever has. According to the SELC,
between 1955 and 1992 this test fell 74 percent mortality from cervical cancer,
which has continued to decline from year to year.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
No other test has achieved so much.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
It is unclear whether the measurement of Ape has significantly
reduced mortality from prostate cancer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Between 1975 and 2005 (latest year for which figures are
available), mortality decreased from 31 to 24.6 per 100,000 men.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Although a significant drop, many experts doubt be
attributed entirely to the test, especially if one considers the result of a
"natural experiment" occurred in Seattle (Washington), and in the
state of Connecticut in the late eighties.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Between 1988 and 1990 Medicare patients in Seattle turned
five times more than those of Connecticut Ape measurement, and also underwent
most to surgery and radiotherapy for prostate cancer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
However, a follow-up to 1997 conducted revealed that
prostate cancer mortality was equal in both groups.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"Measuring your APE seems sensible, but it is
ineffective," said Dr. Nortin M. Hadler, professor of medicine at the
University of North Carolina and author of a book on overtreatment.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The use of mammography is also lower than assumed many
patients and many physicians.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Although its effectiveness has been hotly debated, a careful
analysis in 2005 indicated that only reduced by 15 percent mortality from
breast cancer, says Kramer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
In other words, a woman of 60 who have a mammogram every
year reduced from 0.7 to 0.6 percent their risk of dying from this cancer in
the next decade.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Colonoscopy (colon observation with an endoscope) also
allows the doctor to remove polyps (growths that can become cancerous) it
finds.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The most favorable calculations indicate that this technique
reduces mortality from colon cancer by up to 60 percent, but do not know for
sure for lack of study.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The reduction seems huge, until you consider that the risk
of dying from colorectal cancer is quite small: in women, 2.1 percent, and 2.3
percent in men.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Reduce by 60 percent the risk of 2.3 percent means that it
decreases to 0.9 percent: an undeniable benefit, but perhaps not large enough
to offset the disadvantages.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Tests done or not?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The answer depends on many factors, including your age, do
you suffer diseases and health aspect of what you value most.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Dr. Dennis Fryback committee comprised of the United States
Preventive Services, an expert panel convened by the government of that country
to issue recommendations on screening tests.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Although the committee advises people aged 50 to 75 years
performed a colonoscopy every 10 years, Fryback, 61, believes that if the test
is unnecessary.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Review and, among other things, because he has no family
history of colon cancer. If it did, your risk of suffering would be greater, as
is your chance to benefit from the test.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
He also knows that to have this test must take laxatives
during the previous day to clean the colon, the procedure poses the risk of perforation,
and that this risk increases with age.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Fryback weighed the potential reduction in the risk of dying
from colon cancer, and other diseases.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
In 2008 he suffered a heart attack and dies of suspected
heart before a colon polyp might threaten his life.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
For him, colonoscopy is "a very expensive lottery
ticket.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Maybe earn some time, but most likely will not win anything.
"</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
By analyzing your chances, Fryback has the advantage of
being an expert in making medical decisions.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Laymen know much less health statistics, but there are
documents (brochures, videos, interactive Internet programs and other support
for the patient's decision-making) that can help us choose the most convenient
option.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Some include interviews with cancer survivors and people
considering whether to undergo screening.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Using aids decision making has not been widespread, but some
medical centers and insurers and offer.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSRtXbXslyLFXm4Hxujd24eTPbFKZw8UhBX1QIlNFOwTVXk_VsktVV_DB19MyBtd2g7bM1BmB3cTImnHwdAy7zp3dys8LFSOfCkifB4C2wIjBE8r3tFA3NuudW8veB63Y9i0w7onVI7Pw/s1600/cancer+tests+1+cancer+and+cures.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSRtXbXslyLFXm4Hxujd24eTPbFKZw8UhBX1QIlNFOwTVXk_VsktVV_DB19MyBtd2g7bM1BmB3cTImnHwdAy7zp3dys8LFSOfCkifB4C2wIjBE8r3tFA3NuudW8veB63Y9i0w7onVI7Pw/s200/cancer+tests+1+cancer+and+cures.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Suzanne Bull turned to one form of DVD before deciding to
undergo radiation therapy for breast cancer. "Show me much good," he
says.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Researchers and doctors hope to develop better screening
tests, able to distinguish between cancers that should be treated and those
not.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Meanwhile, say, the decision to undergo studies should be
based on the values of the person and their ability to cope with uncertainty.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"We are more afraid of dying of a disease that doctors
too scrupulous hands," concluded Black.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
To submit to testing we run two risks.</div>

New blood test could detect cancer

Investigations of this method takes a team of scientists at Ben-Gurion University and Soroka Medical Center in Israel. The new method, which is still in development would facilitate the diagnosis of …

09 Oct 2012

Lycopene

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Since the 1920s, researchers have studied the benefits of carotenoids for cancer prevention and treatment.  <br />
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However, interest in lycopene did not really begin until the late 1980s when it was found to have twice the antioxidant activity of beta carotene. <br />
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By the late 1990s, over 70 studies had found a link between diets high in tomatoes and a lower risk of cancer. <br />
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Lycopene is an open-chain unsaturated carotenoid that imparts red color to tomatoes, guava, rosehip, watermelon and pink grapefruit.  <br />
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Lycopene has been shown to prevent prostate cancer and also to stop it from becoming more advanced.  <br />
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Cooked tomato products such as tomato sauce, juice and ketchup are better sources of lycopene than raw tomatoes, as cooking breaks down plant cell walls making the lycopene more available for absorption.  <br />
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In the body, lycopene is deposited in the liver, lungs, prostate gland, colon and skin.  <br />
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It is best known for its role in preventing prostate cancer, the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in America.  <br />
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However, consumption of lycopene is also associated with a lower risk of cancer of the breast , cervix  ,  and digestive tract.12<br />
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<b>Curative Properties Of Lycopene</b><br />
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Lycopene shows special promise in preventing and treating prostate cancer .  <br />
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A study at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Ohio State University on prostate cancer in rats found that feeding the animals tomato powder(13 mg lycopene/kg) had the greatest protective effect against prostate cancer, and that supplements of much higher levels of isolated lycopene (161 mg lycopene/kg)  were of less benefit, though still better than the control group which received no tomatoes or lycopene.  <br />
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The proportions of rats dying of prostate cancer was 62% in the tomato group, 72% in the lycopene group, and 80% in the control group. <br />
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Dietary restriction also increased survival</b><br />
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In another study, thirty-two patients with localized prostate adenocarcinoma consumed tomato sauce-based pasta dishes for 3 weeks (approximately 30 mg of lycopene/day) before their scheduled radical prostatectomy. <br />
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Prostate tissue was obtained for biopsy before the lycopene supplementation began, and compared to tissue resected at the time of the prostatectomy.  <br />
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Examination of tissue from the resected tumors showed a decrease in tumor biomarkers, increased tumor cell apoptosis (cell death) and decreased DNA damage.14<br />
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Dutch researchers found that a low-dose combination of vitamin E and lycopene extended the lifespans of mice inoculated with human prostate cancer cells and suppressed tumor growth by 73% after 42 days,  but that high doses of lycopene or vitamin E had no effect. <br />
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However, other scientists reviewing the research feel that lycopene by itself has been shown in other studies to be effective by itself, though it can be potentiated by vitamin E. </div>

Lycopene

Since the 1920s, researchers have studied the benefits of carotenoids for cancer prevention and treatment. However, interest in lycopene did not really begin until the late 1980s when it was found …

09 Oct 2012

Carbon nanotube capsule to cure diseases

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Nasa has patented a carbon nanotube capsule that is implanted under the skin of the astronaut in a simple (requiring only local anesthesia) and the constant monitoring can be bearer general demand and releasing the active ingredients required to treat you.</div>
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All this without the astronaut even realize what goes on inside this "biocápsule".</div>
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Applications of this great invention are huge, even down here on Earth.</div>
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Some cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy, for example, are treated with a hormone called G-CSF.</div>
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The acronym of this hormone (which come from the Colony Stimulating Factor, Granulocyte) are synonymous with powerful remedy against infection.</div>
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The biocápsulas could well deal with G-CSF release that patients need without having to go to clinics to receive him "uncomfortable" shot.</div>
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One of the interesting features of carbon nanotubes are capsules that are made in addition to its strength and durability (not expired), is that they are inert, that is tolerated by the body naturally without the immune system the attack.</div>
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Moreover, its porosity, allows the active ingredients penetrate locked inside the walls to be smoothly distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream.</div>
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Here on Earth, one of the most promising fields of action for biocápsulas is the dosage of insulin to diabetes patients.</div>
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Could be implanted capsules are filled with animal pancreatic cells (10 million for a patient with a severity of medium), and supplement them with some kind of sensor blood sugar levels.</div>
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Given that diabetes patients spend at least one third of the day sleeping (when they can not monitor their blood glucose levels and insulin supplied) to the risk that this entails, the biocápsulas could be the perfect solution for diabetics could "forget" to check its status.</div>

Carbon nanotube capsule to cure diseases

Nasa has patented a carbon nanotube capsule that is implanted under the skin of the astronaut in a simple (requiring only local anesthesia) and the constant monitoring can be bearer general demand an…

09 Oct 2012

The cure for breast cancer is now possible

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Scientists have long understood the importance of the mitochondria, a membrane enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. </div>
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Now, the science community is now recognizing the mitochondria as the new achilles heel of breast cancer. </div>
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Studies are showing that there are now some new goals in dealing with breast, and other types of tumors.</div>
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The mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in cells. </div>
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This works in a negative fashion when discussing cancer cells, because their power is amplified by up to 5 times the capacity of normal cells. </div>
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Says Dr. Michael Lisanti, of the Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, "we and others have now shown that cancer is a 'parasitic disease' that steals energy from the host your body."  </div>
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Dr. Lisanti and his team have given us the first bit of in vivo evidence that breast cancer cells engage in enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to create large quantities of energy. </div>
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He explains, this is the first time we've shown in human breast tissue that cancer cell mitochondria are calling the shots and could ultimately be manipulated in our favour.</div>
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" You can also check out some other oncologists in Pennsylvania doing great work!</div>
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Lisanti's research also provides support for the notion that utilizing a mitochondrial inhibitor to block such activity can actually shrink the growth of a tumor, as well as resistance to chemotherapy.</div>
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Dr. Lisanti goes on to say that, "Metabolically, the drug Metformin prevents cancer cells from using their mitochondria, induces glycolysis and lactate production, and shifts cancer cells toward the conventional 'Warburg Effect'. </div>
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The idea is that this new method will essentially starve a cancer cell, hopefully to the point that it dies. </div>
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And the hope is that these discoveries will drastically change the way we treat cancer patients, and foster new strategies and techniques. </div>
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"We believe that targeting mitochondrial metabolism has broad implications for both cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, and could be exploited in the pursuit of personalized cancer medicine," says Dr. Lisanti.</div>
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The cure for breast cancer is now possible

Scientists have long understood the importance of the mitochondria, a membrane enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Now, the science community is now recognizing the mitochondria as th…

09 Oct 2012

Gene Therapy

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_67yX_Z2YJ9cqRUMhiN0EuBuezXM3Per80ztBP2GH8phK_chMiF4lJlCKZqKprDyMrQMS8P7Maddtyi_vsb7a6_FxXzIMQsCO66z7i6knfaMiceG3YmZTHdeQOxg-2LEchM5ulOwlEys/s1600/b+cells+cancer+and+cures.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_67yX_Z2YJ9cqRUMhiN0EuBuezXM3Per80ztBP2GH8phK_chMiF4lJlCKZqKprDyMrQMS8P7Maddtyi_vsb7a6_FxXzIMQsCO66z7i6knfaMiceG3YmZTHdeQOxg-2LEchM5ulOwlEys/s200/b+cells+cancer+and+cures.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Gene Therapy Brings Three Cancer Patients Back From Death’s Door; What Now?</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Modified immune cells decimated chronic lymphocytic leukemia, scientists found.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">What’s the News : Striking results in a very small study have got the web a-buzz about a new cancer treatment. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">With three leukemia patients at the ends of their ropes, scientists modified some of their immune cells with a gene that enabled them to hunt down cancer cells. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Remarkably, the treatment wiped out more than two pounds of tumor tissue in each patient, and the three have now been in remission for a year.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>But what weight does such a small study carry, what about the side effects, and what do these results mean for people with other cancers?</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>How the Heck:</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">First, the team removed immune cells called  T cells from each of the patients, who had chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a cancer affecting blood cells called  B cells.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">They had a lab-built virus insert a gene for a protein that would recognize a specific tag appearing only on the surface of B cells, as well as genes for two other proteins involved in the process, into the T cells. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">(This kind of treatment, called  gene therapy, has been of interest in treating cancer for some time.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The team then injected each patient’s own T cells back into their blood, where they began attacking the cancer cells, whose death the team confirmed with blood tests and other measurements.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Taking counts of the patients’ cells, they estimate that each modified T cell must have hunted down and killed a thousand cancer cells. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Before the treatment, the ratio of cancer cells to normal cells in the bone marrow was horrifying: in one patient, 170 out of 200 were cancerous. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Afterwards, that number was only 2 out of 200.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The modified T cells have remained in the patients, even months after the treatment, potentially contributing to the patients’ ongoing remission.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>Not So Fast:</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Cancer patients are routinely exposed to treatments much worse, at least in the short term, than the disease: killing cancer cells means killing a lot of healthy cells. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">With this treatment, nearly all of the patients’ B cells, healthy and otherwise, were destroyed, and even months afterwards the B cells had not recovered. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Since this is the class of immune cells that produces antibodies, this loss could be quite serious in the long term, though all the rest of the patients’ cells were unharmed.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The team also notes that the mass murder of cancer cells provoked a serious response: the patients’ bodies were flooded with detritus from the bursting cells and inflammatory molecules produced by the immune system, some at 160 times the normal levels. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Their kidneys were in acute distress, and at least one had to be hospitalized because of it. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The researchers note that they are really going to have to pay attention to this when they’re designing larger studies. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Maybe the injections will be spread out more, or maybe not as many altered immune cells are required.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Additionally, one of the most exciting things about this study that the T cells stay in circulation and may keep destroying any cancer that crops up for years makes it quite different from, and possibly riskier than, most cancer treatments, which usually are purged from your body in a matter of weeks. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">That means that the follow-up work to figure out what the T cells are doing, and whether they might be somehow dangerous in the long term, will be substantial. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">What, for instance, will the indefinite lack of B cells mean? The FDA will need serious reassurance on these points, especially since gene therapy carries a risk of causing mutations in modified cells that might eventually turn them cancerous over the patient’s lifetime.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b>The Future Holds :</b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The next step for the researchers is much, much larger studies, incorporating the points raised above. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">For all intents and purposes, this report is a case study, without the statistical power required for assessing a treatment’s usefulness in the population at large.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Researchers who focus on other cancers may also find it difficult to translate this success to their own patients: this team was able to make this work because they knew exactly what surface protein to target. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">As they point out in their report, we don’t have analogous information for many other cancers. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">And ideally, we’d find proteins that are specific to the cancer, not to the cell type, to avoid the problem this team is facing with B cells.</div><br />
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Gene Therapy

Gene Therapy Brings Three Cancer Patients Back From Death’s Door; What Now? Modified immune cells decimated chronic lymphocytic leukemia, scientists found. What’s the News : Striking results in a very…

09 Oct 2012

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